1Pang D, Keenan SP, Cook DJ, et al. The effect of positive pressure airway support on mortality and the need for intubation in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a systematic review. Chest, 1998,114:1185-1192.
2Meduri GU, Turner RE, Abou-Shala N, et al. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation via face mask., first-line intervention in patients with acute hypercapnic and hypoxemic respiratory failure. Chest, 1996 , 109 : 179-193.
3Pollack CV, Torres MT, Alexander L. Feasibility study of the use of bilevel positive airway pressure for respiratory support in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med, 1996, 27: 189-192.
4Park M, Lorenzi-Filho G, Feltrim MI, et al. Oxygen therapy, continuous positive airway pressure, or noninvasive bilevel positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of acute cardiogeniec pulmonary edema. Arq Bras Cardiol, 2001 , 76 : 221-230.
5Wigder HN, Hoffmann P, Mazzolini D, et al. Pressure support noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Am .I Emerg Med, 2001 , 19: 179-181.
6Takeda S, Takano T, Ogawa R. The effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in patients with severe eardiogenie pulmonary edema. Anesth Analg, 1997 , 84 : 1091-1096.
7Kosowsky JM,Storrow AB, Carleton SC. Continuous and bilevel positive airway pressure in the treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Am J Emerg Med, 2000 , 18 : 91-95.
8Masip J, Betbese A J, Paez J, et al. Non-invasive pressure support ventilation versus conventional oxygen therapy in acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: a randomised trial. Lancet, 2000 ,356(9248) :2126-2132.
