抗感染药物临床使用的情况分析

Analysis on Administration of Antibiotic in Clinic

目的 了解医院抗感染药物的使用情况及其变化趋势 ,为临床合理使用提供依据。方法 以累积每日约定剂量(DDD)为单位 ,统计 1 994年以来我院临床抗感染药物的使用情况 ,包括各类抗感染药物年度累积DDD总量 ,各类药物的构成比 ,以及各年度累积DDD与 1 994年累积DDD定比值。结果 1 994年后 ,抗感染药物总用量呈大幅度下降 ,而后虽有所回升 ,但至 2 0 0 2年仍远低于 1 994年的水平 ;9年来临床使用量最大的前 5类抗生素为青霉素类、第 1代头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类、喹喏酮类、第 3代头孢菌素 ;其中 3代头孢菌素从 1 994年排序第 5升至 2 0 0 2年第 1位 ,而原排序第 2的 1代头孢菌素则降至第 5位。与 1 994年相比 ,使用量升高幅度最大的为碳青霉烯类和多肽类。结论 使用量没有逐年增多 ,提示我院抗感染药物使用的控制措施积极有效 ;第 3代头孢菌素使用量的逐渐增加和青霉素类药物使用量长期保持高水平 ,提示我院临床在这两类药物的使用中 ,不合理应用的比例可能较大 ;同时 。

Aim To investigate the trend in antibiotic use and to provide the guideline of using antibiotic in reason in clinic.Methods The accumulate daily defined doses(DDD) of different kinds of antibiotic were calculated yearly in a 9-years period,and the constituent ratio of different kinds of antibiotic in total antibiotic consumption as well as the ratio of drugs yearly consumption to that in 1994 in the same period were computed.Results The dramatically decrease of accumulate DDD of total antibiotic in our hospital were observed from 1994 to 1999,and the most common used antibiotics were penicillins,first generation cephalosporins,aminoglycosides,fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporins from 1994 to 2002.Compared with the accumulate DDD 1994,the most increasing extent of antibiotic were carbopenem and polypeptides.Conclusion The result which no remarkable increase in accumulate DDD of total antibiotic in our hospital was occurred suggested that the control measure on antibiotic use was effective.The phenomena thatlarge quantity of third generation cephalosporins and penicillins was used imply the misuse and overuse of these drugs in clinic.And it was better to avoid the quickly inckeasing in consumption of carbopenem and polypeptides.