凤尾竹硅酸体形态及其发生初探

ON MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHOGENESIS OF SILICA BODIES IN BAMBUSA MULTIPLEX VAR.NANA

利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对自然生长凤尾竹 (Bambusamultiplexvar.nana(Roxb .)Kengf.)营养体各部分及生长发育各时期叶片的硅酸体进行观察研究。凤尾竹营养体各部分硅酸体形态分别为 :叶片竹节形 ;叶鞘鞍形、钝方形 ;箨叶哑铃形 ;箨叶鞘鞍形 ;杆的表皮部位有少量椭圆形硅酸体 ,而内部未见成形的硅酸体 ;地下茎及根皆未见成形硅酸体。成熟硅酸体均沿脉横向排列。硅酸体在叶片、叶鞘、箨叶和箨叶鞘中基本上是按生长发育顺序从不成形到成形 ,由小到大变化的 ,分布由不规则到沿脉横列。同一叶从叶鞘到叶片呈现出由鞍形→钝方形 (椭圆形 )→竹节形渐变的趋势。光镜下 ,硅酸体内一般有折光率不同于其它部位的 1到多个细小颗粒聚在一起形成的核状结构。凤尾竹不同生长发育期各部分硅酸体的晶核存在状况、硅酸体的形态和大小的演变趋势体现了硅质在植物器官表皮细胞上的连续沉积过程。

The silica body morphology and morphogenesis of Bambusa multiplex var. nana was examined by means of light microscope(LM) and scanning electronic microscope(SEM).There are varied types of silica bodies in matural plants of Bambusa multiplex var. nana. Nodular shape in leaf blade; saddle and subcuboid in sheath; dumb-bell in the tip of culm sheath; saddle in culm sheath; elliptic in culm. No regular morphological silica bodies in roots and stems under ground. All matural silica bodies are vertical to veins.The steps of silica bodies development are: morphology from amorphous, to subround, subcuboid, then nodular or dumb-bell or saddle; size from little to bigger; arrangement to vein from mixed to vertical. The silica bodies are varied in different parts of a same matural leaf, saddle shape in sheath, subcuboid in pesudopetiole and nodular shape in leaf blade respectively. Each silica body has congregated granules in its body as a nuclear.The granules in every stage of developing plant, the changes of silica bodies morphology and size show that the silica bodies are developed gradually with the plants growing. If it was provided as a scientific basis for taxonomy, archaeology,geology study, it must be paid more attention to the changes of silica bodies.