山西蟒河自然保护区种子植物区系研究

ANALYSIS ON THE FLORA OF SEED PLANTS IN MANGHE NATURE RESERVE, SHANXI

蟒河自然保护区位于山西省中条山脉东端的阳城县境内 ,1 1 2°2 2′1 1″～ 1 1 2° 31′35″E ,35°1 2′30″～ 35°1 7′2 0″N ,面积 5 5 73hm2 。蟒河自然保护区有种子植物 866种 ,隶属于 435属 1 0 3科 ,其中裸子植物 3科 5属 6种 ,被子植物 1 0 0科 430属 860种 (双子叶植物 90科 364属748种 ;单子叶植物 1 0科 66属 1 1 2种 )。蟒河自然保护区种子植物科属种的区系地理成分复杂多样。科的分布区类型以热带亚热带温带分布占优势 (共 45科 ,占总科数的 43.69% ) ,其次是温带分布 (共 2 9科 ,占 2 8.1 6% )。属的分布区类型以温带成分占优势 (共 2 64属 ,占总属数的 60 .69% ) ,其中北温带分布型优势明显 ( 1 36属 ,占总属数的 31 .2 6% ) ,反映出该区系明显的暖温带性质。种的分布区类型中国特有分布占有绝对优势 ( 30 5种 ,占总种数的 35 .2 2 % ) ,作为群落建群种或优势种的有油松、白皮松、青杨、红桦、橿子栎、青檀、锐齿槲栎、虎榛子、陕西荚蒾等 ,其次是温带亚洲分布 ( 1 90种 ,35 .2 2 % )、东亚分布 ( 1 5 4种 ,1 7.78% )。保护区内有国家级保护的珍惜濒危野生植物 8种 ,如南方红豆杉、连香树、无喙兰和天麻等。

Manghe Nature Reserve, belongs to Zhongtiao Ranges, is located in southeast Shanxi province and between 112°22′11″～112 °31′35″E, 35°12′30″～35 °17′20″N. There is a typical warm temperate semi wetness continental monsoon climate in the area, which is hot and rainy in summer, but mid cooler in winter. It is now known that there are 866 species of seed plants in the region, which belongs to 435 genera and 103 families. Among them there are about 3 families,5 genera, 6 species in Gymnospermae and 100 families, 430 genenra, 860 species in Angiospermae ( 90 families, 346 genera, 748 species in Dicotyledoneae and 10 families, 66 genera, 112 species in Monocotyledoneae).Analysis based on families, genera and species shown that the floristic elements in the region were diversity. Among which Tropic-Subtropic-Temperate (45 families, accounting for 43.69% in total families) was dominant in the families; and Temperate floristic elements (264 genera, accounting for 60.69% in total genera) made significant dominant in genera, in which North Temperate elements(136 genera, accounting for 31.26% in total genera) is the largest among the genera; moreover, the species of endemic to China (305 species, accounting for 35.22% in total species) was more than the others, such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus bungeana, Populus cathayana, Betula albo-sinensis, Quercus baronii, Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata, Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Ostryopsis davidiana and Viburnum schensianum, and Temperate Asia (190 species, accounting for 21.94% in total species) and East Asia (154 species, accounting for 17.78% in total species) elements were on second and third place. Furthermore there are 8 species of rare and endangered plant of state protected in Manghe Nature Reserve,such as Taxus mairei,Cerdidiphyllum japonicum, Archineottia gaudissarti and Gastrodia elata