367例小儿烧伤病例分析

Clinical Features of Burns in Children: Experience of 367 Cases

目的 了解儿童烧伤的概况及流行病学特征,以采取相应的预防措施。方法 对1994～2002年367例儿童烧伤进行回顾性分析。结果①儿童烧伤占我院烧伤患者的23.1％;②儿童烧伤中男性多于女性,比例为2.53:1;③1～3岁儿童烧伤发病率最高占67.2％;④婴、幼儿及学龄期儿童以热水烫伤最常见,而学龄前儿童以火焰烧伤最常见;⑤儿童烧伤中以重度烧伤最多见占35.2％。结论儿童烧伤在临床特点及致伤原因等方面有一定规律性。人们应采取相应的措施以降低儿童烧伤的发病率。

Objective To study the clinical and epidemiologic features of burns in children and to take effective measures for preventing children from being burnt. Methods The clinical data of 367 cases of children burnt during 1994 - 2002 were studied retrospectively. Results Childhood burn cases accounted for 23.1% of the burn cases admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital. The gender ratio of the childhood bum cases (boys/girls) was 2. 53. The incidence of burns in children from 1 to 3 years old was the highest (67.2%). The most common cause of burning in children from 1 to 3 years old and school children was hot water; for pre-school children it was fire. Severe burn injury, with the burn range of 15 % to 25 % of TBSA (total body surface area), was the most common (35.2 % ). Conclusions Childhood burn has its own clinical and epidaniologic features. It is necessary to take effective measures to reduce the incidence of bums in children.