干、鲜石荠苎精油含量及其化学成分的比较研究

Comparison Studies on Percentage Content and Chemical Components of Essential oils from Dry and Fresh Mosta Punctulata

目的 研究干、鲜石荠苎精油含量与化学成分的变化。 方法 采用水蒸汽蒸镏法测定精油含量 ,色谱 /质谱 /数据系统联用方法分析精油化学组成。结果 干石荠苎的精油含量为 1.5 0 2 %～ 1.760 %,鲜石荠苎的精油含量为 0 .3 45 %～ 0 .3 65 %。从鲜石荠苎的精油中检测到 114个分离峰 ,鉴定出以甲基丁香油酚 ( 64 .93 5 %)、石竹烯 ( 9.3 3 3 %)、草烯 ( 6.45 5 %)、β-金合欢烯 ( 4 .63 8%)、侧柏酮 ( 3 .2 3 8%)、桧烯 ( 1.5 86%)、肉豆蔻醚 ( 1.0 15 %)为主的 65种成分 ,占精油总量的 97.85 %,其中 41种为首次报道。从干石荠的精油中检测到 14 2个分离峰 ,鉴定出与鲜石荠苎的精油相同的 60种成分。结论 干、鲜石荠苎精油百分含量有显著差异 ,而两者的化学组成基本相同 ,但是干石荠苎精油中的大多数成分的含量普遍降低。石荠苎精油的化学组成相当复杂 ,含有多种生物活性物质 ,如甲基丁香油酚具有麻醉镇痛作用 ,侧柏酮有平喘止咳作用 ;桉叶油素等有抑菌、抗病毒作用 ;有些成分可作为食用香料和增香剂。特别是甲基丁香油酚的含量高达 64 .93 5 %。

OBJECTIVE To study the variations on percentage content and chemical components of essential oils from dry and fresh Mosta Punctulata METHODS The percentage contents of essential oils were assaied by steam distillation, and the chemical components were analyzed by means of GC/MS/DS combination RESULTS Mosta Punctulata essential oils yields:dry Mosta Punclulata 1 502%～1 760% , fresh Mosta Punctulata 0 345%～0 365% 114 seperated peaks were found in essential oils from fresh Mosta Punctulata,65 of them which make up 97 85% of the total essentital oil were identified 41components among them were first found in this paper The major components were methyleugenol (64 935%), caryophllene(9 333%), humulene(6 455%), β farnesene(4 638%), thujone(3 238%), sabinene(1 586%), myristicin(1 374%) 142 seperated Peaks were found in essential oil from dry Mosta Punctulata,60 Components among them were identified.CONCLUSION The essential oils percentage contents of dry and fresh Mosta Punctulata have obvious difference, but their chemical components are nearly identical Whereas the contents of most components of essential oil from dry Mosta Punctulata decrease universally The essential oils of Mosta Punctulata have many types of biological active mass such as eucalyptol has antibacterial function,thujone has antitussive function,methyleugenol has anodyne function and some components can be used as enhance and flavour. Especially the methyleugenol content comes to 64 935% So they have potential application development value