以纯口元音评定腭裂术后语音效果的研究

A Study of the Mechanism of Phonetic Distinctness-Evaluation Norm of the Effectiveness of Surgical Repair of Cleft Palate by Means of Oral Vowels

腭裂患者术后效果的最终评定标准为是否具有清晰的语音。评定材料的选择是其中的关键之一。本文采用汉语拼音中六个纯口元音[a、r、o、i、u,y]作为评定材料,通过X线鼻咽腔钡剂造影片测量,纤维鼻咽内窥镜检查及频谱仪分析,并用统计学多元逐步回归分析方法进行分析得出以下结论:①纯口元音优点是具有一定的长度和强度及稳定性,并能自成音节,能使评定者听清及看清楚。②评价语音清晰度应以[a]开始,如能发清楚,则效果优等,依次类推,得出评定的四个等级。③正常人发低元音时,可存在一定比例的腭咽闭合不全,可用频谱仪分析患者的共振峰,证实未发现有过度鼻音,故发低元音时,发音清晰而出现的腭咽闭合不全属生理范围。

The final evaluation norm of the effectiveness of surgical repair of cleft palate is whether the phonation becomes distinct or not. One of the keystones is the selection of the evaluation material. This study used 6 oral vowels of Mandarin (a, r, o, i, u, y) as the assessing materials, adopting nasopharyngeal radiography, nasopharyngeal fibroscopy and spectrum analysis and through multivariate linear regression analysis. The results were as follows:1. Oral vowels had the advantage of having definite length, strength and stability, and being self-syllable as well. They could be clearly heard and seen by the examiners.2. Evaluation of phonetic distinctness should start from low vowel (a). If the patient phonated clearly, the effect is ranked as excellent. The evaluation norm was divided into 4 grades.3. In view of the natural existence of some degree of velopharyngeal imcompetence at phonating the low vowels in normal subjects spectrum analysis is suitable in the analysis of the format frequency so as to evaluate the phonetics with or without hypernasalism objectively.