黄雀、黄喉鹀延髓听觉神经核团的形态学研究与比较

COMPARISON AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF OBLONGATAL AUDITORY NUCLEI IN CARDUELIS SPINUS AND EMBERIZA ELEGANS

用冰冻切片及尼氏染色法观察了鸣禽类黄雀(carduelis spinlaus)与黄喉鵐(Emberiza elegans)低位脑干中的听觉核团的位置、形态及细胞组成并进行了比较。结果表明,组成听觉上行通路第一级中继站的两对耳蜗核(Nucleus cochear),即延髓的巨细胞胲(Nucleus magnocellularis.NM)和角状核(Nucleus amgularis,NA)有明显的形态学差异。巨细胞核呈卵圆形,其细胞均为圆形或椭圆形,胞体较大,长径为25—30μm,突起较少。而角状核呈三角形,核内包含各种类型的细胞,其中有纺缍形、多极型和卵圆形等,胞体大小不等,长径为12—25μm,突起较长。由此提示这两对耳蜗核可能有不同的功能。延髓层状核(Nucleus laminavis,NL)是听觉上行通路中的第二级中继站,核团呈棒状或卷曲状,中央部呈“Z”或“S”字形,细胞呈层状排列,胞体呈长梭形或多极型,长径为20—25μm,突起较长。本文为进一步研究鸣禽类的听觉机能及声源定位等提供了一定的形态学基础。

The auditory nuclei of medulla oblongata-magnocellularis (NM),nucleus angularis (NA) and nucleus laminaris (NL) were investigated in Carduelis spinus and Emberiza elcgans by the methods of Nissl' s colouring technology.The results indicated that the NA and the NM both of which constitute the cochlear nuclei and the first auditory relay stations are different from each other in shapes.In transeverse sections,the NM is oval.The cells of NM are round or oval.The neurons arc large.Major diameter is 25-30 Mm.The NA appears as a triangle.The cells of NA are in a variety of cell types.The neurons fusiform,multipolar and o-val.The sizes arc different.Major diameter is 12-25 Mm.It is suggested that the two cochlear nuclei have some different functions in the audition.The NL is the second auditory relay station.It appears as a club or convolution.The cells of NL are fusiform of multipotar.Major diameter is 20-25 Mm.We suggest that the NM,the NA and the NL be involved in the different function on audition and sound localization.