旱柳叶活性成分研究

Study on Constituents in Leaves of Salix Matsudana

本文对旱柳叶的化学成分及其生物活性进行了研究，从中分离鉴定出１１种单体化合物并对其中３种化合物，即芹菜素－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙（Ｉ）、木樨草素－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙（Ⅱ）、间－羟基－苄基－吡喃葡萄糖成（Ⅲ）的生物活性进行了考察．化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ均可选择性抑制花生四烯酸代谢产物１２－ＨＥＴＥ的生成；化合物（Ⅰ）水解后的甙元——芹菜素对ＴＸＢ_２的生成有一定的抑制作用，但对１２－ＨＥＴＥ的生成无抑制作用． 小鼠饲喂高脂肪饲料，一周以后体重即明显增加．饲养高脂肪饲料添加柳活性组分抑制小鼠体重和子宫周围脂肪量的增加，而且还可以降低肝中胆固醇和中性脂肪的含量．化合物Ⅲ对大鼠脂肪细胞中由去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）诱导的脂类分解有促进作用。

From the leaves of Salix matsudana, three known compounds, apigenin-7-O-β-D- glucopyranuronide (I), luteolin- 7 - O- β-D- glucopyranuronide(II), have been isolated at first in the Salix spp. The other compound(III) has been isolated in the leaves of Salix matsuana and proposed as p - phenol- methyl- O-β- D - glycoside. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of arachidonic acid metabolism in rat platelets by compound I. II and III with radio-chromatography and found that these compounds can significantly inhibit the production of 12-HETE (12-hydroxy- 5, 8, 10, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid), with can induce allergy and atherosclerosis. The production of apigenin-7-O β-D -glucopyranuronide being hydrolyzed is apigenin, which can inhibit not only 12-HETE but also TXB_2 (thromboxane B_2) which can induce platelet aggregation. Feeding a high fat diet for 7 days can increase weight of mice significantly. However, feeding a high fat diet containing the active extraction of willow leaves can reduce paramentrial adipose tissue by 40%, and contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver.