缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的研究

Study on Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Diseases

目的:探讨颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性脑血管病的关系。方法:将缺血性脑血管病患者99例分成TIA组,脑梗塞组,均接受颈部动脉多普勒超声检查,观察指标为动脉粥样硬化斑块的好发部位,超声分型及颈内动脉(ICA)颅外段狭窄度。结果:颈部动脉多普勒超声检查显示TIA组和脑梗塞组异常率均明显高于健康人,差异有显著性(P<0.01),TIA组与脑梗塞组异常率相比也有显著性差异(P<0.05)。病变血管分布与症状间有相关关系P<0.01)。从动脉粥样硬化斑块好发部位及超声分型来看,动脉粥样硬化斑最多见于颈总动脉分叉处(BIF).其次是颈总动脉(CCA),再其次是ICA起始部,TIA组与脑梗塞组均以扁平斑多见,其次是软斑和硬斑,溃疡斑少见。另外ICA颅外段狭窄度与症状间呈显著相关(P<0.01)。结论:颈动脉粥样硬化班块,是缺血性脑血骨病发生的重要危险因素之一。颈动脉粥样硬化程度越重.发生严重缺血性卒中的危险性越高。

Objective: To study the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic cerebral vascular diseases. Methods: The subjects were divided into transient ischemic attack(TIA) group and cerebral infarction Group. Distribution and ultrasonic types of carotid artery atherosclerotic palque,extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis were examined by carotid ultrasonography. Results:The abnormal rate in TIA and cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than that in the healthy and there was some relation between abnormal blood vessels and the symptoms; The carotid atherosclerotic plaque was most commonly seen in the bifurcation of common carotid artery (BIF) .the common carotid artery (CCA) and ICA;The most common plaque was flat,soft and hard plaque.The ulcer plaqud was rare; there was some relation between stenosis rate and the symptoms. Conclusion: Carotid atherosclerotic plaque was one of the most risk factors in ischemic cerebral vascular diseases. The more serious the carotid atheroscherotic stenosis is. the higher the risk rate of ischemic stroke is.