建筑物爆破拆除泛论

GENERAL REVIEW ON DEMOLITION OF CONSTRUCTIONS BY BLASTING METHOD

笔者把建筑物爆破拆除归纳成两种基本方式———定向倾倒和逐段塌落 ,或它们的结合 ,并提出了这两种爆破拆除方式的维象理论。对建筑物的定向倾倒提出了简化模型 ,推导了最小炸高的计算公式。把逐段塌落比喻为反多米诺运动 ,而空间、时间和药量配置是使建筑物顺序倒塌的 3个重要因素。文中还提供了钢筋混凝土薄壳结构的粮库和水塔在恶劣环境下爆破拆除的两个成功实例。

Author sums the blasting demolition of constructions up as two basic types,collapsing directionally or piece by piece,or their combination,and puts forward two kinds of formal theory on blasting demolition.A simplified model for directional collapse of a construction is presented and a calculation formula on the minimum height of blasting cut is developed.The collapsing piece by piece is likened to anti-Domino movement,and the space,time and charge distribution are three important factors for sequential collapsing of a construction.As two practical examples,the grain granaries and a water tower in very adverse conditions and with shell structure of reinforced concrete were successfully demolished with blasting method.