论当代西方文化研究语境里的大众文化

On the Meaning of Cultural Industry in the Context of Research of Culture in Modern West

当代西方文化的研究理论中，对大众文化的认识经历了一个从否定到肯定的转向。在这种语境中所理解的“大众文化”，主要是从它生产的条件和消费群体及其消费方式着眼的。它的生产条件包括3点：一是现代科学技术基础上文化产品被快速地复制；二是文化生产的主体掌握和利用文化资源进行创造性工作；三是人们观念的改变为大众文化的生产提供了必备的心理基础。它的消费群体是“大众”，大众消费文化的方式，最基本的一点就是，消费者在消费文化产品、满足精神需要的同时，也在进行着有意义的生产。大众文化与通俗文化及文化产业密切相关，大众文化是商品化的通俗文化，通俗文化是工业社会中的大众文化，文化产业则是当代社会生产和消费通俗文化的产业化方式。

The view of mass culture changed from negation to position in the context of research in modern West. The theory of mass culture in the context is based on the research of the conditions of the production of cultural products and the consumers and the pattern of consumption of the products. The conditions of the production contains 3points, which are the advanced resources, creating cultural products and the changing of idea. The consumer group is broad masses of the people, and their essential pattern of consumption is meaningful production. Mass culture is closely related with popular culture and cultural industry. In brief, mass culture is the popular culture of commercialization, and the later is the mass culture in industrial society, and cultural industry is the way of industrialization of creating popular culture at the present age.