汽车尾气对人体健康的危害

Progresses on adverse health effects of automobile exhaust

综述了近年来国内外有关汽车尾气污染对人群健康影响的实验室和人群流行病学方面的研究进展。目前研究显示 ,汽车尾气中的有害气体和颗粒物可对人体呼吸系统、免疫功能、生殖功能产生一定的危害 ,导致呼吸系统免疫力下降 ,慢性气管炎、哮喘等发病率升高 ,肺功能下降 ,机体对感染其他疾病的抵抗力降低等。对于汽车尾气诱发人类肿瘤的研究 ,由于影响因素复杂 。

The progresses on the latest studies at home and abroad on adverse health effects of automobile exhaust were reviewed in this paper. Particulates and poisonous gases from automobile exhaust were considered to be harmful to respiratory system, immune system and reproductive system. It showed that increased prevalence of respiratory disease (e.g. chronic bronchitis and asthma), and decreased lung function, immunity were associated with automobile exhaust. The carcinogenic potential from the exposure to automobile exhausts needs to be further explored because the carcinogenesis is multifactorial.