河北临城白云洞洞穴旅游对洞穴CO_2浓度及温度的影响

EFFECT OF SPELEO-TOURISM ON THE CO_2 CONTENT AND TEMPERATURE IN BAIYUN CAVE, LINCHENG, HEBEI

河北临城白云洞碳酸钙景观极其丰富但风化严重。2000年"五一"黄金周对白云洞的客流量、温度、洞穴空气中的CO2浓度进行了系统的观测研究,并在8月、10月旅游淡季进行了对比观测。研究结果表明,洞穴旅游活动对洞穴的温度和CO2浓度的变化有主控作用。白云洞在"五一"长假游开始前最低CO2浓度为600ppm,"五一"这一天当游客量达到5800人时,大洞厅中的CO2达到4400ppm,温度提高了1.1℃,而狭小洞厅中CO2浓度可达到5800ppm,温度提高了2.3℃。当洞穴旅游高峰连续维持多日时,洞穴中的CO2还会累积增加。如5月2日的游客达到4000多人时,狭小洞厅CO2达到7000ppm。旅游高峰期,洞穴CO2往往经过一个晚上的扩散和流动后,也回不到本底值。但洞穴温度的累积不很明显。

The speleothem scene is very abundant but some of them are very strongly weathered in Baiyun Cave, Lincheng County, Hebei Province. During the 'Gold May Long Holidays' in 2000, the visitor flow, temperature and CO2 concentration in Baiyun Cave were monitored, the comparison work were done in August and October in 2000. The testing result shows that the temperature and CO2 content of the cave atmosphere are mainly controlled by the visitor flow. The lowest content of CO2 is 600ppm before May Day Holiday when there was small account of visitors. When the visitor flow reached 5800 people on May Day, the CO2 content went up to the maximum, 4400 ppm and temperature increased by 1.1℃ in the largest Hall, while the peak value is 5800ppm and temperature increased by 2.3℃ in small and narrow rooms. In the conditions of large number of visitors for several days, the CO2 concentration will be accumulated. For example, when the visitors got to about 4000 people on May 2, CO2 content of cave atmosphere in the small narrow room rose to 7000ppm. Though there were no visitors from 20:00 on May Day to 8:00 on May 2, the CO2 content did not get down to the background value, but still at the level 2600ppm. The accumulation of temperature was not so obvious. On October 1, the total visitors were 1000, the maximum value of CO2 was only 1690ppm. To protect cave environment, reducing the CO2 content in cave atmosphere should be paid attention to.