安慰剂与咖啡因对睡眠剥夺者计算能力的影响

Effects of placebo and caffeine on mathematical ability during sleep deprivation

目的 研究安慰剂与咖啡因对睡眠剥夺的对抗效果 ,寻找较合理的对抗方法。方法 采用自身前后对照实验设计 ,对 5名健康青年男性 (18～ 2 0岁 )进行五次 3 0h睡眠剥夺的实验 ,每次实验给予 1种处理 ,分别为 :完全睡眠剥夺、2 0 0mg咖啡因、2 0 0mg安慰剂、40 0mg咖啡因、2 0 0mg咖啡因结合 2 0 0mg安慰剂五种。药物洗脱期为 3d。每次实验进行 6次连续相加测验 ,观察测验成绩的变化情况。结果 (1)四种对抗措施组的成绩明显优于完全睡眠剥夺组 (P <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )同 40 0mg咖啡因组、2 0 0mg咖啡因加 2 0 0mg安慰剂组相比 ,2 0 0mg咖啡因组、2 0 0mg安慰剂组的测验完成时间明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,然而前两种处理之间以及后两种处理之间没有统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 (3 )处理组间和组内在错误率上没有差异 ,没有显著性意义。结论 咖啡因的作用效果存在剂量相关性 ;安慰剂的暗示作用和咖啡因都可以减弱睡眠剥夺的不良影响 ;安慰剂同咖啡因联合作用可以互相弥补不足。

Objective To study placebo and caffeine as countermeasures during sleep deprivation in order to find practical methods. Methods A double-blind, within-subjects, counterbalanced design was employed in which 5 health males (aged 18～20y) participated for five experiments. Each subject was exposed to 30 hours sleep deprivation in each different trial. Subjects didn't take any medicine in the first trial. During the others, 200mg caffeine, 200mg placebo, 400mg caffeine, or combination of caffeine (200mg) and placebo (200mg) were administered. The continuous calculation test was used. Result The performance of all countermeasures was higher than that of the first trial. 400mg caffeine was more beneficial than 200mg caffeine ( P <0.05). The effects of caffeine (400mg) and the combination were the same ( P >0.05). There was no differentce of the rate of false between five experiments ( P >0.05). Conclusion The result indicated that caffeine exhibits dose-dependent effect during sleep deprivation. All of the countermeasures have significant and beneficial effects on mathematical ability. Both placebo and the combination of caffeine and placebo are available.