上海蘑菇线虫区系群体动态和致病力

FAUNA AND POPULATION DEVELOPMENT OF NEMATODES IN MUSHROOM (Agaricus Bisporus) BED IN SHANGHAI

1984—1989年在上海102座菇房线虫调查中,查到垫刃目和滑刃目的6个属10个种。其中堆肥滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides composticola)和食菌茎线虫(Ditylenchus myceliopagus)是优势种,发生频率分别为32.3％和23.5％。杆形目线虫包括13个属存在于所有菇料样品中。供试的4种滑刃线虫在PDA平板蘑菇菌落中均繁殖良好,25℃20天内可毁灭皿内菌丝。但在稻秆料中对蘑菇的致病力有显著差别,菇料中线虫群体动态及其对菇的为害表现为4种类型,50个菇房秋菇平均产量、最高产量和最高平均产量与其菇料中的线虫密度呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为r=-0.93,-0.95和-0.97。

The 10 species in 6 genera of nematodes Aphelenchida and Tylenchida, and 13 genera of Rhabditida were first recorded in a survey of nematode pest associeted with mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in Shanghai suburbs during 1984-1989. The most frequent mycophagous species was Aphelenchoides cornposticola and Ditylenchus mycelia phagus which accounted for 32.3% and 23.5% of the samples collected from 102 mushroom houses respectively. Bacteriophagous nematode Rhabditida occurred in all 102 samples. All 4 species of Aphelenchida nematode showed much the same pathogenicity to the mycelia of A.bisporus, in 25 C PDA plates, but quite different in straw compost cultures.The influence of variation of nematode population on the mushroom growth appeared as four types. Data from 50 mushroom houses demonstrated that the relationship between nematode population density and the average yields, the highest yields, and the highest mean yields of mushroom Showed good negative correlation, the regression coefficient was r = - 0.94, - 0.95 and - 0.97, respectively.