试论汉魏时期南中地区大姓的形成和汉族社会的嬗变

The Formation of Powerful Groupsand the Subsequent Changes of the Han Society in Nanzhong District in the Han-Wei Period

汉魏时期南中地区大姓的形成 ,是由于汉族移民中的一批通晓汉文化、通晓儒学的人 ,主要通过辟召为郡县属僚 ,占据地方权力 ,取得政治利益和经济利益 ,并使掌控的文化世袭化 ,发展而为大姓势力。他们在东汉末年的战乱中 ,乘机占有原来的编户以为部曲 ,成为称雄南中的军事和经济力量 ,使南中地区汉族自耕农 -地主社会转变为人身依附关系很强的半农奴社会。另外 ,大姓部曲中聘策而来的“恶夷”实际仅在有事时可供利用 ,大姓并未能完全控制 ,造成后来大姓和夷帅结合的局面 ,成为东晋南朝南中地区汉族社会出现夷化的政治前提。

The formation of the powerful groups in Nanzhong district in the Han-Wei Period was due to the changes of social status of some Han migrants who had a good proficiency of the Han culture and Confucianism. They gradually seized the local power, acquired political and economic benefits, and became powerful groups. The emergence of the powerful groups, with their strong military and economic strength in Nanzhong district, changed the owner-peasant/landlord society into the semi-serf society, in which strong personal dependency existed.