清代中期徽州山区生态环境恶化状况研究——以棚民营山活动为中心

Research on the deterioration of ecological environment of Huizhou mountain areas in the middle period of Qing Dynasty

本文对清代中期徽州山区外来棚民的基本状况、棚民营山活动的内容与类型、棚民营山活动给山区生态环境造成的破坏以及徽州社会为遏制生态环境恶化所采取的应对举措等方面作了分析与探讨。文章认为 ,清代中期徽州山区生态环境的严重恶化 ,主要是由外来棚民所从事的简单粗放、掠夺式的营山活动造成的。在长期饱受生态环境恶化之苦情况下 ,徽州山区社会采取了驱禁棚民与封山育林 ,调整产业种植结构相结合的标本兼治的应对措施。

The thesis analyses the basic situations of the shed people from neighboring areas,contents and styles of the shed people's management and its destruction of ecological environment,and the measurement against ecological deterioration from Huizhou community.The thesis thinks the excessive deterioration of ecological environment was mainly caused by the extensive cultivation of the shed people.In order to fight against the deterioration of ecological environment,original inhabitants in Huizhou community selected and used the method of driving out and restricting the shed people,closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and readjusting the economic structure.