魏晋南北朝志怪小说中有关疾病的动词

The Verbs of Disease in the Monstrous Novels of Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties

魏晋南北朝志怪小说中使用了许多与疾病有关的动词,如疾、病、得、患、感、生等,这些动词进入语义场的方式不一样,在使用上也各有特点,其中"得"、"感"、"生"在一般情况下需要语义特征标记来显示语义,而"病"、"患"等则可要可不要,十分灵活。分析它们的发展演变,可以总结出汉语词汇发展的一些规律。

There are many verbs of disease in the monstrous novels of Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, including Ji(疾), Bing(病), De(得), Huan(患), Gan(感),Sheng(生). These words entered into the semantic field of disease with different ways, and had many different characteristics in using. Generally speaking, De(得),Gan(感)and Sheng(生)need semantic feature to mark their meanings, but Ji(疾),Bing(病)and Huan(患)needn't. We can gain some rules on the evolve of Chinese by analyzing the developments of these verbs.