应用TCR Vβ基因谱分析血液病与免疫性疾病的T细胞克隆性

T Cell Clonality in Hematological Disease and Autoimmune Disease Using Analysis of TCR Vβ Gene Repertoire

在T细胞受体(TCR)β基因重排过程中,其Vβ,Dβ和Jβ结合的多样化和N区核苷酸的随机插入(称为互补决定区3,CDR3)使TCR β链序列呈现高度多样性,故利用TCR Vβ亚家族的特异性引物检测CDR3的长度可以作为一种新的、特异的方法用于T细胞克隆性的分析。近期已有报道分析白血病、再生障碍性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、淋巴瘤、移植物抗宿主病、HIV感染、艾滋病(AIDS)、类风湿和系统性硬化症等病人的外周血T细胞克隆性。结果提出上述病人的TCR Vβ T细胞出现倾斜性分布和克隆性生长的情况。该研究对于了解机体对与疾病相关的抗原的免疫反应,以及探讨如何利用这种T细胞克隆性生长的特点改善临床上对相关疾病的生物学和免疫学的治疗有十分重要的意义。

TCR β chain sequences show hypervariable regions due to the junctional variability of Vβ-Dβ-Jβ gene and the random addition of N-region nucleotide which are defined as complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) during TCR β gene combination process. The determination of CDR3 size can serve as new special method for analysis of the clonality of T cell using the Vp subfamily gene special primers. The identification of T cell clonality in peripheral blood from patients with leukemia, aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), lymphoma, GVHD, HIV infected, AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis were presented recently. The results indicated that skew distrubition and clonal expansion of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells could been found in above-mentioned diseases. It is very important to understand the host immune response for the disease special associated antigen, and how to improve the special biological and immunologic therapy for the related disease using this T cell clonality feature in clinical.