青藏高原国际河流区水资源特征及开发利用前景

CHARACTERISTICS, DEVELOPME AND UTILIZATIONPROSPECTS OF WATER RESOURCES OF THE INTERNATIONALRIVER AREA IN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

青藏高原是中国和亚洲大江大河河源集中区,中国的长江、黄河及亚漩、 重要国际河流湄公河、萨尔温江、伊洛瓦底江、布拉马普特拉河、恒河、印度河均源泉于青藏高原这里地势高亢、气温低、光照充足、降水和径流地区差异大,年内分配不均,河川径流补给主要源于降水、融水和地下水,河水含沙量低,水质良好,水力资源丰富且开发条件优越随着国际经济一体化进程,青藏高原国际河流资源综合协调开发利用,必将为沿江各国的发展提供优质的能源和充足的水源。

Qinghai - Tibet Plateau is major sources of many great rivers in Asia, such as Yangtse River and theYellow River in China, and some important international rivers as Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Indi-an, Irrawaddy, and Ganges.Here is characterized by the highest elevation in the world; rich sunshine; and quite low temperature.These factors vary greatly between different regions in the same latitude in China.The precipitation and runoffis different between different areas and years. Hie forms of surface streamflow feed include precipitation feed,groundwater feed, and snowmelt feed.The sediment concentration is relatively lower and the water quality isgood.With the global trend of regional integrated economic development, it will benefit the Sustainability ofthe reparian countries, that the international rivers in Tibet are developed comprehensrively and coordinately,for supplying the high guality hydropower energy and water resources.