琥珀酸脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(9)已基磺酸钠的研究

Study on sodium hexyl alkyl polyoxyethene(9) ether sulfosuccinate

采用不加相转移催化剂在敞开体系中进行反应的新方法合成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(9)己基磺基琥珀酸混合双酯钠。最佳工艺条件为:n[脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(9)]∶n(顺酐)=1.00∶1.20,于140℃下单酯化反应2.0h,得到产率为100.0%的单酯化产物;n(己醇)∶n(顺酐)=5.0∶1.0,于170℃下双酯化反应2.5h,得到产率为95.4%的双酯化产物;n(亚硫酸氢钠)∶n(顺酐)=1.10∶1.00,加热介质温度为180℃下磺化反应2.75h。测定了所得产物的表面活性和应用性能。表面张力30.5×10-3N/m、临界胶束浓度7.943×10-5mol/L、乳化率3.0min、渗透率3.7s、分散力71.7%、耐硬水性能17min。与磺基琥珀酸双己酯钠盐(DHSS)和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(7)磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐(AESS)进行性能对比。结果表明:通过在DHSS中引入乙氧基,分散力、乳化力和耐硬水性能均得到了改善,并较单酯钠盐AESS相比,渗透性能得到了较大的提高。

Sodium hexyl alkyl polyoxyethene(9) ether sulfosuccinate(I) is synthesied using a new simple method carried out in unclosed system and without any extra phase transfer catalyst. Optimum process conditions are as follows:esterfication at 140 ℃for 2.0 h with a 1.20∶1.00 molar ratio between maleic anhydride and alkyl polyoxyethene(9) and the yield of monoester can be 100.0%;diesterfication at 170 ℃for 2.5 h with a 1.0∶5.0 molar ratio between maleic anhydride and hexanol and the yield can be 95.4%;sulfonation at a heating medium temperature of 180 ℃ for 2.75 h with a 100∶110 molar ratio between maleic anhydride and sodium hydrosulfite. Surface activites and the application property of products are tested.Surface tension is 30.5×10-3N/m ,critical micelle concentration is 7.943×10-5mol/L, emulsifying power is 3.0 min,permeability is 3.7s,dispersing power is 71.7%.Compared with the traditional surface activites of sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate and disodium alkyl polyoxyethene(7) ether sulfosuccinate .The results showed that dispersing power?emulsifying power and permeability has notably improved.