金属汞经胎盘转运及对生殖系统的影响

EFFECTS OF MERCURY ON REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION AND THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF MERCURY

本文通过对职业性接触汞的孕妇进行配对研究,及经口摄入氯化汞的大鼠生殖系统及其子代发育影响的观察,证明接触组产妇的血汞、乳汁汞、脐带血汞及胎盘汞均高于未接触组(P<0.01)。母体血与脐带血汞浓度呈正相关(r=0.808,p<0.01),但脐带血的汞浓度高于母体血(P<0.01)。乳汁与母体血总汞浓度亦为正相关。 实验大鼠的血汞、胎盘汞、卵巢汞、睾丸汞均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。染毒组(75 ppmHg)大鼠的受孕率明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。病理检查发现该染毒组大鼠睾丸个别曲精细管内成熟精子减少,但来发现汞暴露剂量对胎儿及胎仔着床和发育有明显影响。

The transfer of mercury across the placenta of pregnant woman occupationationally exposed to mercury was studied. Results showed that mercury levels in maternal and umbilical oord blood, plaoental tissues and breast milk in the exposed woman were much higher than in non-exposed woman (P< 0.01). Mercury levels in umbilical cord blood was positively correlated with that in maternal blood(r =0.808, P<0.01). There was also positive correlations between mercury levels in breast milk and in maternal blood(r = 0.599, P<0.05).The effects on reproductive function of rats which were given drinking water containing mercuric chloride at concentrations of 7.5 and 75 ppm were evaluated. A lower pregnancy rate in 75 ppm treated rats was observed(P<0.01). Pathological examination revealed a decreased ripe spermatoblast density in convoluted seminiferous tubules. Nevertheless, neither ovarian morphological change nor implantational abnormallity of fetal growth induced by mercury were found.