碳酸二甲酯的催化偶联合成及作汽油添加剂的研究

SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL CARBONATE BY CATALYTIC COUPLING REACTION AND ITS USE AS GASOLINE ADDITIVE

研究了在不同负载型钯催化剂上,一氧化碳与亚硝酸甲酯气相偶联合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的反应性能。用常规浸渍方法制备了一系列不同载体及不同活性组分的催化剂,在实验室固定床反应器上,考察了催化剂组成及反应条件对碳酸二甲酯选择性及空时收率的影响。试验得出最佳反应条件为:温度110℃,一氧化碳与亚硝酸甲酯摩尔比1.0,停留时间1.4s;最佳催化剂载体为活性炭,最佳催化剂活性组分为Pd-Cu双金属组分。在最优条件下碳酸二甲酯空时收率可达1002g/(L·h)。DMC作为汽油添加剂的试验结果表明,加入体积分数为6％的DMC,即可使汽油的燃烧性能和抗爆性能得到明显改善。

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis by gaseous coupling reaction of carbon mon-oxide and CH3ONO was studied using fixed-bed reactor in the presence of Pd-based catalysts. A series of Pd-based catalysts were prepared by the conventional impregnation method using various active compo-nents and different materials as support. The effects of catalyst composition and reaction conditions on catalyst performance were intensively evaluated in terms of DMC selectivity and its space- time yield. The result revealed that the optimal reaction conditions were 110℃ for reaction temperature, 1. 0 for w(CO)/n(CH3ONO) molar ratio and 1. 4s for residence time. It was also discovered that the best cata-lyst support was activte carbon, and the most effectively active component was Pd-Cu. A space-time yield of 1002g/(L·h) was obtained at the optimal conditions. The results from the test of its use as gasoline additive showed that the gasoline performance was improved appreciably by the addition of 6v% DMC in it.