略论抗战相持阶段国民政府的军事战略——以南岳军事会议和长沙会战为中心的研究

On the Military Strategy of the Nationalist Government during the Stalemate Period of the War of Resistance Against Japan: the Case Study on the Military Conferences of the Southern Mountain and the Great Battles for Changsha

详细研究国民政府在抗日战争相持阶段军事战略的学术成果不多,且以否定居多。通过研究三次南岳军事会议和四次长沙作战的具体史实,可归纳出此时期国民政府军事战略的四个特点:持久战的总体构想;重视湖南战场,屏蔽大后方;不再一味死守重要城市;应战而不求战的策略。据此可以认为,国民政府基本把握了抗战相持阶段的特点,其军事战略基本上是正确的,即以持久战对抗日本的速决战,以空间换时间。尽管主客观方面的原因使得国民政府在相持阶段的军事战略显得有些保守,但是不加分析地责难其"消极、妥协、退让",是有些苛求的。

In the past, there are not many research papers and books which studied carefully the military strategy of the National Government during the stalemate of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the most of the papers or books held that strategy was wrong. On the basis of facts of the three Military Meetings of Southern Mountain (Mount Hen ) and the four great battles for Changsha, this paper sums up the four characteristics of the National Government's military strategy in the stalemate. The National Government grasped the features of the stalemate, and its military strategy was proper on the whole. It is not really fair to criticize its passiveness and to conclude that it compromised and yielded.