大蒜耐盐愈伤组织变异系的选择研究

Study on in vitro selection of salt-tolerant calluses of garlic

用含有0.1%、0.3%、0.7%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%NaCl的MS培养基,采用直接接种和逐级培养法,对5个不同生态型的大蒜品种进行耐盐愈伤组织细胞系的选择研究.结果表明:NaCl对大蒜外植体的出愈率有很大的影响,在0.7%的NaCl培养基上,已很难诱导出愈伤组织;愈伤组织直接在含有不同浓度NaCl培养基上选择表明,5个品种在低盐 <0.7% 胁迫下都有一定的耐盐性;经逐级耐盐选择后的愈伤组织,其耐盐能力有明显的提高;在1.0%的NaCl培养基上,5个品种愈伤组织的成活率在22.4%～38.8%之间,生长率测定表示发育良好;在1.5%和2.0%的NaCl培养基上也有部分愈伤组织成活,耐盐稳定性检验证明,此耐盐能力在一定时间内能够保持下去.

Five different ecotypic garlic cultivars were chosen to select cell lines with salttolerance on solid MS medium containing 0.1%,0.3%,0.7%,1.0%,1.5% or 2.0% NaCl via direct inoculation and gradual culture method. The results showed that NaCl had remarkable influence on callus formation of garlic explants.It is very diffculty to induce calluses from the explants when the concentration of NaCl increased to 0.7%; Direct selection on media containing different concentration of NaCl showed that calluses of five cultivars all had definite salttolerance at lower NaCl concentration (<0.7%). The salttolerance of calluses enhanced obviously when seleted by steptostep increasing NaCl concentration of MS medium .The survival rate of calluses of five garlic cultivars on medium containing 1.0 % NaCl varied from 22.4% to 38.8% .Mensuration of growth rate indicated that callus development was good. Partial calluses were survival on medium containing 1.5 % and 2.0% NaCl . Test of stability of salttolerance showed the induced salttolerance could keep for long time.