四川省嗜人按蚊、中华按蚊的栖息习性和嗜血习性调查

SURVEY ON RESTING AND SUCKING HABITUS OF ANOPHELES ANTHROPOPHAGUS AND ANOPHELES SINENSIS IN SICHUAN

目的 进一步了解嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊的栖息习性和嗜血习性及变化情况。 方法 选择不同类型栖息场所进行按蚊密度调查 ,在人房、牛房分别安装外逸窗阱观察蚊虫外逸情况 ,采取全捕法将人房、牛房、猪房内捕获的吸血蚊作胃血沉淀试验。 结果 人房、牛房、猪房中的嗜人按蚊密度分别为 3 .3 5、18.2 5和 9.3 8只 /人工小时 ;人房、牛房、猪房的嗜人按蚊平均数分别为 0 .63、9.5 5、1.68只 /间。人房、牛房及猪房中的中华按蚊密度分别为 2 .72、88.86、61.2 5只/人工小时 ;人房、牛房、猪房的中华按蚊平均数分别为 0 .3 2、3 3、3 .78只 /间。胃血沉淀试验 ,人房中的嗜人按蚊吸人血率为 94.5 7% (87/92 ) ,牛房为 5 .0 4% (6/119) ,猪房为 6.15 % (4 /65 )。中华按蚊吸人血率在人房、牛房和猪房分别为11.43 % (4 /3 5 )、3 .17% (2 /63 )和 0。 结论 嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊的主要栖息场所为牛房 ,其次为猪房和人房。嗜人按蚊主要嗜吸人血 ,中华按蚊则嗜吸其它动物血。

Objective To make a clear understanding of the resting and blood-sucking habits of Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis ,so as to provide scientific evidence for controlling the vectors in Sichuan Province. Methods The mosquito density was investigated at different kind of resting places. The fed mosquitoes collected in window trap set up on human living room, cattle shed, pig pens were used for identification of blood source by sedimentation test. Results An. anthropophagus density at human room, cattle shed and pig pens was 3.35, 18.25 and 9.38 per person per hour respectively, while the mean number of An. anthropophagus at human room, cattle shed and pig pens was 0.63, 9.55 and 1.68 per room respectively. An. sinensis density at human room, cattle shed and pig pens was 2.72, 88.86, 61.25 per person per hour respectively, while the mean number of An. sinensis at human room, cattle shed and pig pens was 0.32, 33 and 3.78 per room respectively. The percentage of human blood sucked by An. anthropophagus in human rooms is 94.57%, while it is 5.04% in cattle shed and 6.15% in pig pens. Conclusion The main resting places for An. anthropophagus and An. sinensis are cattle shed, then pig pens and human living room. The sucking habits of An. anthropophagus is on human and An. sinensis is on cattle and pigs.