1Gutaman M, Kaplano, skornick Y, et al. Proximal colostomy, still an effective emergency measurein obstructing carcinoma of the large bowel. J Surg Oncol, 1989, 41:210-212.
2Lopez-Kostner F, Hool GR, Lavery IC. Management and causes of acute large-bowel obstruction. Surg Clin N Am, 1977, 77: 1265-1290.
4Fielding LP. Phillips RK. Hittinger R. Factors influencing mortality atter curative resection for large bowel eancer in elderly. Lancet, 1989, 333: 595-599.
5Murray J. Nonelectire colon resection alternative to multistage resection. Surg Clin North Am. 1991. 71: 1187-1190.
6Mackenzie S, Thomson SR. Baber LW, et al. Management options in malignant obst ruction of the left colon. Surg Grynecol obstet. 1992, 174: 337-341.
7The SCOTIA Study group: Single-stage treatment for malignant left-sided colonic obstruction: a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing subtotal colectomy with segmental resection following intraoperative irrigation. Br J Surg. 1995, 82: 1622-1627.
8Eckhauser M, Mansour EG. Endoscopic laser theraphy for obstructing and/or bleeding colorectal carcinoma, An Surgeon, 1992, 58: 358-363.
9Stone JM. Bloom RJ. Transendoscopic balkoon dilatation of complete colonic obstruction an adjunct in the treatment of colorectal cancer report of three cases. Dis Colon Rectum, 1989, 32: 429-431.
10Lelcuk S. Klausner JM, Merhav A, et al. Enaoscopic decompression of acute colonie obstruction. Ann Surg,1986, 203:292-294.
