儿童自我意识偏异的病例对照研究

Case-control study of children self-concept abnormality.

【目的】 探讨学龄儿童自我意识偏异的影响因素。 【方法】 对 85 0名自我意识有偏异的儿童进行1:1病例 -对照研究。 【结果】 儿童自我意识偏异检出率具有性别、年龄差异。在家庭环境中父母文化程度、性格、教养方式、家庭关系等对学龄儿童自我意识均有影响 ;学校环境中教师态度、在校成绩、与小伙伴关系等对学龄儿童自我意识亦有明显影响。 【结论】 家庭环境及学校环境对学龄儿童自我意识的形成和发展都起重要的作用 ,改善家庭及学校的不利环境因素 。

To identify risk factors of self concept abnormality among school age children. 850 cases of children who had abnormal self concept were studied by using 1∶1 case control study. The study showed that prevalence of self concept abnormality varied with gender and age. Some family environmental factors such as parents' education , character, parental rearing model and family members' relationships had effect on child self concept;and so did the school environmental factors,such as teacher’s attitudes, children’s academic performance and relationship with peers. [Conclusions] Since family and school environments play important roles in forming and developing of child self concept, it is reasonable that better family and school environments can improve child self concept.