职业紧张对皮质醇分泌的影响研究

Effects of Occupational Stress on Cortisol Level in Serum and Saliva

[目的]探讨职业紧张对皮质醇分泌的影响。[方法]采用横断面研究方法对93名男性铁路货运调度员进行研究 ,使用问卷法测试职业紧张因素、个性特征和心理性紧张反应评分 ,采用放射免疫法分析血清和唾液中皮质醇浓度。[结果]相关分析结果显示年龄、婚姻状态和文化程度与血清和唾液中皮质醇浓度的相关系数无显著性意义 ,参与机会评分与唾液皮质醇浓度呈显著性负相关 ,r= -0.6 ,P<0.05;竞争性评分与唾液中皮质醇浓度呈显著性正相关 (P<0.05);血清皮质醇浓度与工作负荷和工作满意感评分呈显著性正相关 (P<0.05)。方差分析结果表明不同工作关系、参与机会、竞争性评分和焦虑特性评分水平唾液中皮质醇浓度差异具有显著性意义 (P<0.05) ,不同工作满意感评分水平血清中皮质醇浓度差异具有显著性意义 (P<0.05)。逐步回归分析结果显示工作前景的未知性、参与机会和竞争性评分分别是血清或唾液中皮质醇浓度的预测因子。

To explore the relationships of occupational stress and personality to cortisol levels in serum and saliva.The subjects were93male freight train dispatchers.The job stressors,personalities,and job strains were measured by using questionnaires;blood and saliva samples were drawninthe morningand analyzed for cortisol level byradioimmunoassay.Correˉlation analysis showed that age,marriage status,and educational level weren't related to serumand saliva cortisol level(P>0.05).The negative relationship ofparticipationopportunityscore tosaliva cortisol level and the positive relationship ofcompetitionscore tosaliva cortiˉsol level were found(P<0.05).Serumcortisol level was positivelyrelated tojob load and job satisfaction score(P<0.05).ANOVA reˉvealedthatthesubjetswithhigherscoresofjobrelation,competitionandtrait_anxietyhadhigherlevel ofsalivacortisol(P<0.05).Participaˉtion opportunity score did oppositely(P<0.05),the subjects with higher scores of job satisfaction had higher level of serum cortisol(P<0.05).Stepwise regression analysis found that the job future ambiguity,participation opportunity or competition factor of the type A behavior were the significant predictors of the cortisol level in serum or saliva.[Conclusion] The occupational stress might have some effects on increase in serum or saliva cortisol level.