小学生性格特性及其对学习障碍影响的研究

A study on the character traits of the primary school children and the effects of the character traits on learning disability

目的 探讨学习障碍 (L D)与非学习障碍儿童性格特性的差异 ,了解性格特性与儿童 L D之间的关系。方法 整群抽取武汉市 5所小学 1486名儿童 ,进行性格特性测试 ,并用PRS量表筛查 L D儿童。随机选取 72名 L D儿童 ,同时选取年龄、性别等一般情况相同的 72名非 L D儿童进行配对 ,比较其性格特性差异 ,并就性格特性对 L D的影响进行了 logistic回归分析。结果 男、女学生在抑郁性、主客观性、细致性、支配性及性格类型分布上差异有显著性 ;L D与非 L D两组儿童在抑郁性及思考的向性方面差异有显著性 ;logistic回归分析显示细致性入选回归模型。结论 男、女生性格存在较多差异 ;L D儿童抑郁性高 ,思考向性消极 ;细致性对 L D的发生有保护性作用。

Objective To investigate the difference of character traits between learning disability children and the normal ones, and try to find the effects of character traits on the formation of learning disability. Methods Comparison were selected by cluster sampling to comparison 1 486 children in 5 primary schools in Wuhan City were selected by cluster sampling to comparison the sex difference of the character traits; 72 students were chose from the learning disability children screened by PRS from the 1 486 children at random, another 72 normal children with the same age, sex and other conditions were chose as control. Results There were significant sex difference of subjective and objective, meticulosity, domination and distribution of personality type. There were significant difference of depression and tropism of thinking between learning disability children and the normal ones. With the logistic regression analysis, only the carefulness during 12 character traits entered the regression model. Conclusions There were many significant differences between boys and girls. The learning disability children showed higher depression and more passive tropism of thinking than the normal ones. Carefulness was a protect factor for learning disability.