女子田径运动员免疫细胞对不同运动负荷应答及恢复的特征

Characteristics of response and recovery to different exercise load of female athletes’immunologic cell

目的:观察女子田径运动员免疫细胞对不同运动负荷的应答性变化特征,探讨其可能机制。方法:在陕西省田径队女子400m跑运动员(n=9)大运动量、大强度训练前后,应用YSI-1500SPORT血乳酸自动分析仪测定全血乳酸含量及应用METBC-2000全自动血球分析仪对血液免疫指标(白细胞总数;淋巴细胞;中性粒细胞;单核-巨噬细胞)进行测定。结果:①大运动量训练后即刻,淋巴细胞显著升高(t=2.31,P<0.05),白细胞计数、中性粒细胞非常显著升高(t=7.07～7.15,P均<0.01以上),单核细胞高于运动前64%,但无显著性差异(t=1.59,P>0.05),恢复3h后,白细胞计数回降幅度不大(t=5.46,P<0.01),中性粒细胞在继续升高,达运动前的2.3倍(t=5.10,P<0.01),单核细胞、淋巴细胞已恢复到运动前水平。②比赛后即刻,白细胞计数,淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞在赛后即刻分别显著高于比赛前71%,66%,120%(t=3.04～4.84,P均<0.01),单核细胞高于赛前65%,但无显著性差异(t=2.23,P>0.05),恢复3h后,白细胞计数回降幅度不大(t=3.56,P<0.01),中性粒细胞在继续升高,达比赛前的2.2倍(t=7.59,P<0.01),单核细胞、淋巴细胞已恢复赛前水平。③两种负荷运动后24h,各指标均基本恢复。结论:免疫细胞在不同运动负荷后均会上升,但上升幅度间差异非常大。

AIM:To observe responsive changing characteristics of different exercise load of female athletes' immunologic cell,and explore its possible mechanism. METHODS:Nine females athlete of 400 m-run from the track and field team of Sh aanxi province were invloved.Their serum lactic acid content was determined by Y SI-1500 SPORT auto-analyser of serum lactic acid,and blood immune indice[White blood cell(WBC) total amount,lymphocyte,neutrophil,mononuclear phagocyte] by ME T BC-2000 auto-analyser of blood cell, before and after the training of large amount and intensity. RESULTS:①Just after heavy stress training, lymphocyte obviously increased(t= 2.31,P< 0.05).WBC count, neutrophil obviously increased(t=7.07-7.15,P< 0.01 ),mononuclear phagocyte obviously increased by 64%,but had no significant diff erence(t=1.59,P >0.05) .After 3 hours' recovery,the decreasing range of WBC cou nt was not obvious (t=5.46,P< 0.01), and lymphocyte kept increasing and was 2 .3 times as high as before the training(t=5.10,P< 0.01).Mononuclear phagocyte and lymphocyte had recovered as the level before training.②Just after the matc h,WBC count,lymphocyte,neutrophil obviously increased by 71%,66%,120%(t=3.04 -4.84,P< 0.01),mononuclear phagocyte significantly increasesd by 65%,but had no significnat difference(t=2.23,P >0.05)compared with those before match.After 3 hours' recovery, the decreasing range of WBC count was not obvious(t=3.56,P < 0.01), neutrophil kept increasing and was 2.2 times as high as before the tra ining(t=7.59,P< 0.01).③24 hours after load exercise, all indices recovered o n the whole.