交通噪声对中小学生课堂行为的影响

Effects of traffic noise on pupils' behavior in classroom

一些调查结果表明,城市中的中小学校受环境噪声的干扰严重,尤其是交通噪声。我们对不同噪声级(40至70dBA)下学生课堂行为作了一系列的心理学实验,和汉语清晰度测验。所得结果经单因子方差分析和t检验来考核(用高级统计软件RDAS)不同结果之间差异的显著性,从而可得出当噪声级L_(eq)超过50dBA,或是L_(10)>55dBA,L_(50)>50dBA时,学生课堂行为会出现显著性差异(P<0.05)。另外还利用RBAS软件进行了皮尔逊(简单)相关分析,了解到上述心理学实验各作业指标之间的相关性并不很大,说明大部分作业不能相互替代,选择这些作业是必要的。本研究结果表明,教室内最大容许噪声级定为L_(10)=55dBA,L_(50)=50dBA是合适的。

Noise surveys in this country reported that a large number of classrooms in primary and secondary schools in the urban area were disturbed by the environmental noise, particularly by the traffic noise. A series of psychological tests were conducted to identify pupils' behavior in a classroom under different noise levels within the range of 40 to 70 dBA. Statistical analysis was made by using a Relational Data Analysis System (RDAS) software. According to the t-test and single factor variance analysis of the results, significant differences of pupils' behavior in classrooms have been observed when the percentile erceeded ound level either L50 exceeds 50 dBA or L10 exceeds 55 dBA, or the equivalent continous sound level Leq exceeds 50 dBA. The same conclusion has been drawn from the average percentages of syllable articulation tests made in accordance with the procedure described in the National Standard under different noise levels in a classroom. The maximum acceptable noise level in the classroom thus can be determined.