广东省1987～2001年梅毒流行病学分析及防治策略

Analysis of the epidemiology of syphilis in Guangdong Province from 1987 to 2001 and the strategy for syphilis control.

目的 分析广东省 1987～ 2 0 0 1年梅毒流行的特征 ,为今后制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法 收集了15年来各市、县每月上报的梅毒疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 广东省梅毒发病率从 1987年的 0 0 8/ 10万增长至 2 0 0 1年的 14 10 / 10万 ,年平均增长率为 70 4 1% ;梅毒在性病中的构成比年平均增长率为 5 0 4 0 % ;梅毒患者以早期梅毒为主 ,占 89 4 8% ;性别以男性为多 ;各年梅毒分期与性别之间的差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;发病年龄主要集中在 2 0～ 2 9岁 ,各年龄组的梅毒发病差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (P <0 0 0 1) ;梅毒发病的地区主要在沿海开放城市 ;患者的文化程度以中学为多 ;传染来源主要是非婚性接触 ,占 76 6 1%。结论 广东省梅毒流行经历了低流行低增长期和中流行高增长期后 ,目前进入中流行低增长期。根据其特点 ,应采取在全社会加强性病防治知识的宣传教育 ,提倡安全性行为 ,加强对高危和重点人群的监测 ,进一步规范梅毒的诊治等综合措施 。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of siphilis in Guangdong Province based on the data from 1987 to 2001 in the province and to provide information for further control of the disease.Methods Registered cases of syphilis were collected in every city/county in Guangdong for the past 15 years and the data were analyzed statististically.Results The incidence rate of syphilis in Guangdong Province increased rapidly in these years,going up from 0.08 per 100,000 residents in 1987 to 14.10 per 100,000 residents in 2001 with an average increase as high as 70.41%.The proportion of syphilis in the eight-reportable STD also increased annually with an average increase rate of 50.40%;early cases were dominant accounting for 89.48%.Most patients were males with 20-29 years old accounting for the majority.Syphilis patients were mainly seen in coastal cities such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen.As for education level,the majority of the patients were middle school graduates.The most popular way of transmission was through extra-marital sexual contact which accounted for 76.61%.Conclusion The syphilis epidemic in Guangdong Province has gone through the low-epidemic and slow growing phase and the medium-epidemic and rapid growing phase,and now is coming into the medium-epidemic and slow growing phase.Based on this feature,following measures should be taken in order to control the disease:to enhance STD knowledge through education,to promote safe sexual behavior,to provide surveillance for the population at high risk for STD and to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.