短中期降水温度天气过程区域分布的研究

The short-Medium Range Weather Regions of Precipitation and Temperature

运用旋转主分量方法对分布于全国621个站点的候降水量和2214个站的逐日最高最低气温进行分析,得到4个季节的降水气温主特征模态及其相对应的时间变率。分析结果表明,该方法所分解得到的特征模态较好地反映了全国不同区域降水温度演变的差别,依据各模态的相关系数将全国划分为不同的降水温度天气区。最后,获得表征全国不同天气特点的252个代表站,这些站的资料可作为提高要素客观预报、扩展服务领域的基本资料。

The Rotated Principle Component(RPC)analysis is employed to diagnose the pentad rainfall over 621 stations and the daily maximum and minimum temperature over 2 214 stations in China.Their leading modes and the associated eigenfunctions for four seasons are obtained.Results show that these modes can well describe the regional characteristics in rainfall as well as temperature,and be used to specify different short-medium range weather regions over the whole country.Based on these,252representative stations are selected to present different weather characteristics.The rainfall and temperature data of these stations can thus be considered as the basic data required for the improvement of objective element forecasts and the expansion of weather services.