汉末士人择主心态试析

An Analysis of the Psychology of scholars in Choosing Masters in the Late Han Dynasty

择主而仕成为汉末多数士人的心态。汉末政治形势的变化、儒学独尊地位的丧失、士人主体意识的增强等因素是汉末士人择主心态出现的背景。士人的择主心态主要有两种类型:一为实现政治理想和抱负,一为躲避祸害。士人择主而仕的心态对士人本身和君主以及汉末三国的社会都有重要的影响。

Scholars in the late Qing Dynasty had the psychology of choosing masters in common for three reasons: change of political situation; loss of powerful position of Confucianism; strengthening of scholars' subjective awareness. Scholars in the late Han Dynasty had the psychology of choosing masters for two purposes: achieving political ambition and avoiding disasters. Scholars' psychology of choosing masters had great influence on scholars themselves,their masters and the society in the late Han Dynasty.