工具还是存在——伽达默尔语言观探析

An Analysis of Linguistic Problems from the Angle of Philosophical Hermeneutics

在西方哲学史上,语言问题一直被哲学家们所重视,他们分别从不同的维度,对语言进行分析、研究和评判。传统哲学把语言理解为一种形式和符号系统的工具,而哲学解释学则认为语言并不仅仅是人的工具,而是人的生存和生活经验的形式,即存在方式,离开了语言,人的理解活动是不可能的。马克思主义认为,语言本身就是人的实践活动的产物,是现实生活的表现。

In the history of philosophy in the West, philosophers attached great importance to linguistic problems. They analysized, researched and commented a lot on linguistic problems from different angles respectively. Traditional philosophy undersands languages as a form and symbolized instrument. Nevertheless, philosophical hermeneutics considers languages as not only an instrument but also the forms of existing and living experiences of human being. Without languages, the comprehension activities of the human being are impossible. Marxists view language as the outcome of human practice and reflection of the real life.