简论社会科学和人文科学的性质及其关系

A Brief Analysis of the Relation between the Social Science and the Humanities

从方法论上区分社会科学与人文科学是很有必要的。社会科学是一门近代性的学科，主要的学科是经济学、社会学、政治学，它们以近代以来形成的市场、市民社会和法制意义上的国家为研究对象，具有客观性、价值中立性和抽象性。而人文科学则来源于古代的“潘迪亚”传统，主要学科是文学、历史和哲学，具有价值性、体验性、历史性、文化性。社会科学与人文科学的区别主要是方法论意义上的，而不是实体意义上的。从知识或学科的角度来说，它们之间是一种“家族类似”的关系。

It is very necessary in the methodology to draw a clear line of demarcation between the social and the humanities. The social science has originated in the modern times and its primary subjects are economics, sociology and politics, etc. These subjects study primarily market , civil society and (in its legislation sense) state, and these social phenomena have originated also in the modern ages. Therefore, the social science is characteristics of objectivity, value－freeness and abstractness. The humanities have stemmed from the ancient 'Paideia' stradition and its primary subjects are literature, history and philosophy, etc. The humanities is characteristics of value, empathy and historicity. The demarcation between the social acience and the humanities is in the methodology sense and not in the substance sense. Their relation is 'family resembles'.