1949年以前藏区教育研究述评

Review of the Education in Tibetan Area before 1949

藏学领域历来比较重视藏区教育的研究。这在 194 9年以后是如此 ,以前也是如此。二十世纪上半叶藏区教育方面的研究 ,是藏学领域硕果累累的部门之一。康青建省、康藏开发带动了对于藏区教育的关注 ,不少学者意识到巩固边陲、开发边疆之最有效途径之一是提高边疆人民的文化知识和思想素质 ,这有赖于边疆教育的实施和推广。[1] 与此同时 ,南京、北京、康定等地蒙藏学校的创办和发展 ,中央大学、北京大学等高校蒙藏班的开办、汉藏教理院的创设[2 ] 等等 ,都在一定程度上带动了对藏区教育问题的研究。不过 ,对于解放后 ,尤其是二十世纪 80年代改革开放以后 ,藏区教育研究方面 ,我们了解较多 ,比较清楚。而对于二十世纪上半叶藏区教育研究方面的成就我们所知甚少。本文拟就这一时期的藏区教育研究论述作一基本介绍 。

The Tibetan study field has always devoted much attention to the study of the education of Tibetan area,Which is the case before and after 1949.At the first fifty years of the 20 th century,the education study of Tibetan area was one of most fruitful in Tibetan study field.The foundation of Kangqing province and the development of 'Kang-Tibet' promoted the attention to the Tibetan area education.A great number of scholars realized that one of the most effective ways to strengthen the frontiers and develop the borderland is to improve the cultural level and ideological level of the people's living on the frontiers.This depends on the enforcement and popularization of 'Mongolia-Tibet' schools in Nanjing,Beijing and kangding,the setting up of 'Mongolia-Tibet'class and 'Han-Tibetan' institute of education in Center University,Beijing University and some other universities,which have promoted the study to the education of Tibetan areas in a certain extent. However,to the study of Tibetan areas after 1949,especially after the Reforming and Opening up Policy after 1980s,we know and understand quite a lot.But to the accomplishment of the study of the Tibetan area education in the first fifty years of the 20 th century,we just know a little.This paper is a short introduction to the discussion of Tibetan area education study,which is written to supply a reference source for this period for the people of the same occupation.