SASE自由电子激光

SASE free-electron lasers

SASE自由电子激光可以产生短至 0 .1 nm的高亮度 (峰值亮度比当前的第三代同步辐射高 1 0个量级 ;平均亮度高 3～ 5个量级 )、短脉冲 (脉冲长度小于 2个量级 ,达到亚皮秒水平 )硬 X射线相干光。因而被称为是继第三代同步辐射之后的第四代光源。SASE依据的是高增益自由电子激光原理 ,利用了光阴极微波电子枪技术和电子直线加速器技术。综述了 SASE的历史发展、基本原理、基本结构。

As the fourth generation light source hard X ray SASE free electron laser has many unique properties superior to the 3rd synchrotron radiation: higher brightness (ten orders of magnitude of peak spectral bribhteness and three～five orders of magnitude of average brightness greater than the 3rd synchrotron radiation currently acjhieved), shorter pulse (two orders of magnitude of pulse duration shorter than the 3rd synchrotron radiation, down to sub picosecond), shorter wavelength down to 0.1nm etc.. SASE is based on the principle of high gain free electron lasers, and technologies of photoinjector and linear accelerator. The development history of SASE, the basic theory, the typical configuration, the main physical characteristics and the requirements for electron beam is described.