天津地区表层土中芳香烃污染物化学组成及分布特征

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Surface Soil Samples from Tianjin

分析了天津地区不同环境功能区土壤中多环芳烃污染物的化学组成及其分布状况,并对其可能的污染源作初步分析。结果表明,天津地区不同环境功能区表层土壤样品中均分布有多种类型的烃类污染物,已经检测到的多环芳烃化合物主要包括萘、苊、苊烯、联苯、菲、惹烯、芴、二苯并呋喃(氧芴)、二苯并噻吩(硫芴)、萤蒽、芘、、苯并芴、苯并蒽、苯并萤蒽、苯并芘、、二苯并[a,h]蒽、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、苯并[g,h,i]、三芳甾烷等系列数100种单体化合物,含量较高的主要有菲、甲基菲、萤蒽、芘、等。这些化合物的组成存在地域上的差异,同一地区不同土地使用情况、不同周围环境的样品中多环芳烃的组成特征也存在较大的差别,表明土壤中多环芳烃的污染源比较复杂,其中主要包括矿物油输入、化石燃料燃烧及木柴燃烧产物等,不同环境功能区各种污染源的贡献存在一定差别。

Hundreds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) compounds have been detected in surface soil samples collected from Tianjin,including naphthalene,acenaphthene,acenaphthylene,biphenyl,phenanthrene,retene,fluorine,diphenylene oxide (dibenzofuran),dibenzothiophene,fluoranthene,pyrene,chrysene,benzfluorene,benzanthracene,benzo-fluoranthene,benzopyrene,perylene,dibenz[a,h] anthracene,indeno[1,2,3-cd] pyrene,benzo[g,h,i] perilene,triaromatic-terpane and their homologous compounds.The contents of phenanthrene,fluoranthene,pyrene,and chrysene methyl-phenanthrene are relatively high.The composition of PAHs in samples from different geographic locations,surrounding environment and croplands are different.It shows that there are diversified sources of pollutants mainly including crude import,combustion products of fossil fuel or firewood.The contribution of various sources in different environment domain is discriminating.The composition and distribution in the area and possible contamination sources of PAHs were discussed.