卫星星座系统多学科设计优化研究

Multidisciplinary design optimization of satellite constellation system

分析了卫星星座系统设计包含的星座设计、卫星设计、发射选择等学科之间的耦合关系,特别是卫星各分系统之间的耦合关系,建立了包括发射费用分析、成本分析在内的卫星星座系统多学科分析模型。在此基础上,采用分布式协同进化MDO算法,将星座设计优化和卫星的设计优化在自治基础上充分协同,对一个同时包含离散/连续设计变量、需进行星座结构和参数同时优化的虚拟的海洋监视卫星星座系统进行了多学科设计优化。算法对离散设计变量采用二进制编码,连续设计变量采用实数编码,并分别采用相应的进化算子。采用最大长度编码,根据一定的规则确定基因的显性和隐性,来处理结构和参数同时优化引起的设计变量维数可变的问题。设计结果显示了多学科设计优化的优势和分布式协同进化MDO算法对卫星星座系统这样的复杂多学科设计优化问题的有效性。

In this paper,we analyzed the coupling relationships among constellation design,satellite design,launch selection,and especially among satellite subsystems involved in the satellite constellation system design problem.Multidisciplinary analysis models including launch cost and satellite cost analysis were constructed.Then,we used the distributed coevolutionary multidisciplinary design optimization (DCMDO) algorithm to solve a virtual sea surveillance constellation system design problem,where constellation design optimization and satellite design optimization were cooperated well,meanwhile their autonomy were remained.The design problem has both discrete and continuous variables.We adopt binary coding for discrete variables and real coding for continuous variables,and corresponding evolution operators for each part of the chromosome.The design problem needs simultaneously optimization of constellation structure and parameters.This caused a variable dimension optimization problem.It was handled by using maximum length gene representation and setting some genes to be recessive according to given rules.Result shows the advantage of multidisciplinary design optimization and the effectiveness of DCMDO algorithm in the complex satellite constellation system design problem.