表面活性剂在污染土壤生物修复中的应用

Application of surfactant in bioremediation of contaminated soil

评述了表面活性剂在疏水性有机物污染土壤生物修复中的应用。从表面活性剂、污染物、土壤及微生物之间相互作用的角度讨论了表面活性剂的作用机制。指出导致污染土壤生物修复效率低的一个很重要原因是传递问题,而表面活性剂的加入可以加快疏水性有机物污染物从土壤表面到水相的传质过程。目前已经发现某些表面活性剂能够促进疏水性有机污染物的生物降解,但并未发现一致的规律。

The situation of research on the use of surfactant in the bioremediation of the contaminated soil by hydrophobic organic pollutants is reviewed.The interactions between the surfactants,the soil matrix,the pollutants and the micro organisms are discussed to understand the mechanism of the surfactant to improve bioavailability of pollutants.The studies on biodegradation of hydrophobic organic pollutants in soils show that their slow release from the soil matrix to aqueous phase is often the rate limiting step in the process,and the use of surfactant promoted the transport of hydrophobic organic pollutants.Up to now,although some surfactants have been proved to stimulate the biodegradation of hydrophobic organic pollutants,no general trends are found.