最小平方倾角分解与道间插值

Least-square dip decomposition and trace interpolation.

道间插值方法在三维地震资料处理中具有十分重要的作用,它可用来减小空间采样间隔、减少三维偏移的空间假频与频散现象、改善三维偏移剖面的质量。文中详细讨论了道间插值的基本原理,指出了道间插值可以通过倾角分解、倾角内插和倾角合成三步来实现,其中的倾角分解是整个道间插值中最关键的问题。文中采用两次最小平方误差方法求取地震道的倾角分量,实现道间插值。该法可适用于任何复杂的地震资料,并具有陡构造形态保真度、高空间频率保真度和高振幅特征保真度等多种优点。

Trace interpolation is of great significance to three-dimensional seismic data processing. It can shorten spatial sampling interval, and reduce spatial aliasing and frequency dispersing in three-dimensional migration, thus improving 3-D migrated seismic section. The trace interpolation is theoretically detailed; it can be achieved in three steps:dip decomposition, dip interpolation and dip composition, the first one being the most critical step. To speak exactly, the trace interpolation is achieved by twice using least-square error method to solve for the dip component of seismic trace. This technique can cope with various complicated seismic data to bring high fidelity structure shape, high-fidelity spatial frequency and high-fidelity amplitude.