海南省社区流动人口儿童免疫接种调查研究

Investigation into the vaccination status of infants in mobile population in two communities in Hainan Province

目的 为了解海南省流动人口集居地儿童免疫接种状况，为制定海南省免疫策略提供依据。方法 采取普查方法，调查海南省琼山市府城镇２个社区的流动人口中０－７岁儿童免疫接种情况，同时对被调查儿童进行了抗体检测（ＥＬＩＳＡ法）。结果１２９名流动儿童中５１．２％来自省内，其余依次为四川、广东。湖北、浙江、湖南等省市。“五苗”接种率分别为：ＢＣＧ７５．２％，ＯＰＶ３５９．７％，ＤＰＴ３５９．７％，ＭＶ５０．４％，ＨＢＶ３４４．２％，四苗全程 ４２．６％，单苗接种率比常驻人口低２０％－５０％（ｐ＜０．０１），未接种主要原因依次为：不知道要接种，不知道要接种时间、地点，不知道要接种第二、三针。抗体检测结果表明麻疹抗体阳性率和几何平均滴度（ＧＭＴ）均明显低于常驻人口（ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 调查结果提示必须加强流动人口中儿童的计划免疫工作，以巩固计划免疫的成果。

Objective TO understand the immunization status in infants of mobile population in Hainan and provide basis for immunization programme. Methods Overall survey was conducted to investigate the vaccination status in the 0-7 year old infants of mobile population in two communities in Qiong Shari city. Meantime, the an- tibody levels of polio, measles and diphtheiia were tested (by ELISA) . Results The results showed that about 51 .2% of the 129 infants came from other counties of Hanan and others from the provinces of Sichuan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Hunan, et al. The vaccination rates of BCG, OPV3,DPT3,MV, HBV3 were 75.2% ,59.7% ,59.7%, 50.4% ,44.2% ,respectively, 20% - 50% lower than those of the pemlanent residents (p<0.01). The positive rate and GMT of measles antibody were lower than those of the pennanent residents (p <0.01) . Conclusion The EPI work must be strengthened in infants of mobile population for maintain the achievement of EPI gained.