冬小麦三种粒重性状的遗传研究

Study on heredity of grain weight of winter wheat

采用 Griffing 方法Ⅰ,利用6×6完全双列杂交,对冬小麦单株粒重、单穗粒重和千粒重三个性状的配合力、基因效应及遗传组成进行了研究,结果表明:这三种粒重性状的遗传同时受基因加性效应、非加性效应和母体效应的共同作用;千粒重、株粒重、穗粒重的狭义遗传力分别为72%、63%和45%,前两个性状以基因加性效应为主,后一性状基因加性、显性效应相当;细胞质作用对千粒重影响较小,株粒重和穗粒重则存在明显的核质互作。

Study on combing ability,gene effect and heredity of three grain weight characters,grain weight per plant,grain weight per spike and 1000 grain weight,were conducted using Griffing's method Ⅰ and 6×6 complete diallel crossing.The results showed that heredity of the three grain weight characters were affected by additive,non- additive and female effects.Heredity in narrow sense of 1000 grain weight,grain weight per plant and grain weight per spike was 72%,63% and 45% respectively.Additive effect was dominant for1000 grain weight and grain weight per plant,whereas it was nearly equal to nonadditive for grain weight per spike.There was no significant cytoplasm effect to 1000 grain weight.The interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm was significant in grain weight per plant and grain weight per spike.