中国小麦生产上年种植面积超66.7万hm^2的品种及其分析

Analysis on wheat varieties with annual planting area larger than 667000 hm^2 in China

中国在1950～2000年期间,小麦生产上年种植面积超66.7万 hm^2 的品种共53个。对这53个品种的分析结果表明,有6个原产国外,本国的品种主要是河南、山东、四川、陕西、河北等省市的;除2个地方品种外,其它品种的亲本间都是地理远缘的或有地理远缘血统的;随年代的推移,品种的数量逐渐增多,而最大年种植面积和单个品种种植地区逐渐减少,这些变化是我国小麦育种水平提高的结果。

From 1950 to 2000,there were totally 53 commercial wheat varieties with annual planting area larger than 667000 hm^2 in China.Analysis on these varieties indicated that:1) six of the varieties were introduced from foreign countries,2) most domestic varieties were from Henan,Shandong,Sichuan,Shanxi and Hebei provinces,3) only two of the varieties were land races,and the parents of the varieties were geologically distant or with distant pedigree.Since 1950s,the number of wheat varieties used in production has been increased and the annual planting area and cultivated region of each variety have been decreased.These changes showde that wheat breeding has been improved gradually in China.