黑穗醋栗越冬死亡与其形态组织解剖构造关系的研究

The study of relation between black currant's morphological tissue postmortem structure and the overwintering death

试验以穗醋栗的野生种兴安茶、越冬力强的栽培品种奥衣宾和越冬力弱的栽培品种利桑佳的一年生枝条为试材 ,通过观察其外部形态和内部组织解剖构造以及结合田间调查 ,以确定其形态构造和其越冬死亡的关系。结果表明 ,黑穗醋栗越冬死亡和其品种自身特性有关。黑穗醋栗髓部发达 ,髓部细胞排列疏松 ,细胞间隙较大 ,因而其一年生枝条越冬容易失水。越冬力弱的利桑佳的一年生枝条皮孔的相对面积、导管相对面积较兴安茶、奥衣宾大 ,落叶时间和基生枝顶芽形成时间也晚 ,因此其散失水分能力强 。

The annual branches of Ribes panciflorum Turcz(wild variety),Ojeby and Risage(cultivate variety)were studied.Through the observation of external morphological characteristic,interior tissue postmortem structure and field investigation,the relation between morphological structure and the overwintering was confirmed.The result showing that the overwintering death of black currant is related to the variety's own characteristics.The stronger of the pith,the looser of the pith cell,the bigger of the cell crevice,the more easily of the annual branch losing its water in the overwintering.Risager's overwintering ability is poor,its relative area of lenticels and vessels around the annual branche are larger,the time of defoliation and the apical bud formed on the basal branch are latter than Ribes panciflorum Turcz and Ojeby.So,the Risge's branches more easily lose its water and become drying to die in its overwintering.$$$$