社会保障中的政府责任——兼评中国的政府责任问题

Governmental Responsibilities to Social Security——Also on Problems of China Governmental Responsibilities

包括中国在内的世界各国都在进行社会保障制度的改革与完善,而如何恰当的分配与规范社会保障中的政府、企业、个人以及社会责任则逐渐成为理论研究与制度设计中的热点与难点。重新审视与调整政府参与的作用和应然模式是社会保障制度改革进一步发展和完善的必要之举。社会保障中的政府责任应在肯定了政府参与社会保障的必要性的基础上,根据各国政府参与社会保障的程度和形式,将其分为三种“理想类型”:包办、主导和不干预。根据中国现行社会保障制度中政府责任的承担状况,中国目前是处于一种正在向主导型过渡的“包办+不干预”的形式。

How to distinguish and arrange responsibilities for government, enterprise, individual and social has gradually been a hot issue about the reforms of the social security system in many countries including China. So it is time to rethink and adjust governmental responsibilities in social security programmes. This paper emphasizes the necessity of government - joining and forms three kinds of ' ideal - types'——baoban, leading- role and nonintervention according varying degrees and patterns. Then the author argues that at the present China is on the way to governmental leading model through analyzing the responsibilities - sharing mechanism in the social security system.