不同水分和施磷量对旱作水稻耗水量和水分利用率的影响

EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE AND PHOSPHORUS SUPPLY ON WATER CONSUMPTION AND WATER USE-EFFICIENCY BY PADDY RICE CULTIVATED IN AEROBIC SOIL

通过温室盆栽试验研究了土壤水分和磷素对旱作水稻的耗水量和水分利用率的影响。研究表明 :土壤水分和施磷量对旱作水稻耗水量和水分利用率有极显著的影响 ,且相互间的交互作用明显。旱作水稻 (包括种子 )的耗水量均以中水到高水和中磷到高磷时最高 ,耗水量在生长前期占全生育期的1 5 %～ 1 8% ,生长中期占 63 %～ 68% ,生长后期占 1 6%～ 2 0 %。水分利用率在苗期 (1 2 5～ 1 60gL- 1) ,以低水到中水和低磷到中磷时最高 ;中期 (2 2 2～ 3 5 6gL- 1)到后期 (1 68～ 2 0 8gL- 1) ,以低水到中水和中磷到高磷时最高 ;不同生长阶段的耗水量和水分利用率均以生长中期 >后期 >前期。

A pot culture experiment was carried out in glasshouse to investigate effect of soil moisture and phosphorus (P) on water consumption and water use efficiency by paddy rice cultivated in aerobic soil. The results obtained were as follows. Soil water and P fertilization rate had significant effect on water consumption and water use efficiency by paddy rice, and there was also a significant interaction between them. The highest water consumption is at middle soil moisture to high soil moisture and middle P supply to high P supply. Thus, water consumption percentages in the total water consumption during the whole growth stages were 15%～18%, 63%～68% and 16%～21% at early growth stage, middle growth stage and later growth stage, respectively. The highest water use efficiency(1.25～1.60 g L -1)by rice in seedling period was got at low to middle soil moisture and low to middle P supply while the highest water use efficiencies by rice in middle(2.22～3.56 g L -1)to later stage (1.68～2.08 g L -1)were found at low to middle soil moisture and middle to high P supply. The order of water consumption and water use efficiency by rice in different growth stages were as follows: growth middle stage>later stage>early stage. The results obtained in this experiment could provide the theoretic base of water and P management of paddy rice grown in aerobic soil in the southern hillock areas of China.